The Fascinating History and Design of Hyderabad’s Spanish Mosque!

Posted on Monday, September 2nd, 2024 by Neha Sharma

The Spanish Mosque, also known as the Mosque of the Moors, is a unique mosque located in Hyderabad, India. It was constructed in 1906 by Paigah Nawab Viqar-ul-Umra Iqbal-ud-Doula. The mosque stands out due to its distinct Moorish architectural style, which is inspired by the Cathedral–Mosque of Córdoba in Spain. This makes it one of the rare mosques in India with a Spanish-Moorish design, featuring intricate stucco work, horseshoe arches, and minarets that reflect the grandeur of Spanish Islamic architecture. It is a significant cultural and historical landmark in Hyderabad, attracting visitors for its architectural beauty and historical importance.  

Historical Background of the  Spanish Mosque, Hyderabad

The construction of the Spanish Mosque Hyderabad was started in 1900 by the fifth Paigah Amir, H.E. Nawab Mohammed Fazaluddin Khan, Sir Viqar-ul-Umra. After his sudden death in 1902, his son, H.E. Nawab Sultan Ul Mulk Bahadur, completed it with help from Princess Jahandarunissa Begum. Inspired by the Cathedral–Mosque of Córdoba in Spain, Sir Viqar-ul-Umra designed the mosque to mirror its architectural beauty. The mosque’s exterior and interior blend features from the Córdoba mosque and the Jama Masjid in Gulbarga, India, showcasing advanced design and craftsmanship.

Known as the Mosque of the Moors, it stands out for its unique Hispanic (Moorish) style, featuring spires instead of traditional minarets or domes, giving it a church-like look. The mosque has been maintained by the descendants of Sir Viqar-ul-Umra, preserving its historical and architectural heritage.

Architectural Features & Design of the Spanish Mosque

The Spanish Mosque, also known as Masjid Iqbal Ud Daula or Jama Masjid Aiwan-e-Begumpet, is located in Hyderabad, India. Its design is unique because it combines Islamic & Moorish architectural styles, which are not commonly seen in Indian mosques. Here are its key features in simple terms:

1. Moorish Architecture: The mosque looks similar to the famous mosques in Spain, especially those in Cordoba & Seville. This style includes horseshoe-shaped arches and intricate designs.
2. Elegant Minarets: The mosque has four slender, tall towers called minarets, which add to its majestic appearance.
3. White Marble: The mosque is made of beautiful white marble, giving it a pristine and elegant look.
4. Arched Doorways and Windows: The doors and windows are arched, which is a signature element of Moorish design, and they are decorated with fine details.
5. Spacious Prayer Hall: Inside, the mosque has a large prayer hall that can accommodate many worshippers. The hall is simple yet serene, with a focus on functionality and tranquility.

Overall, the Spanish Mosque is admired for its distinctive blend of Spanish & Islamic architectural elements, making it a unique and beautiful place of worship.

How to Reach Spanish Mosque, Hyderabad 

• By Bus – Several local buses operated by the Telangana State Road Transport Corporation (TSRTC) connect various parts of Hyderabad to Begumpet. You can take a bus that goes towards Begumpet or nearby stops like Prakash Nagar, Rasoolpura, or Greenlands.
• By Flight –  The nearest airport is Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (HYD) in Shamshabad, Hyderabad. From the Airport, you can book a taxi or cab directly from the airport to the Spanish Mosque. The distance is about 35 km and takes around 45-60 minutes depending on traffic.
• By Train –  The Nearest Railway Station is the Begumpet Railway Station. This is the closest railway station, approximately 1.5 km from the Spanish Mosque. You can take an auto-rickshaw or walk from here.

Best time to Visit Spanish Mosque 

• Summer: Hot (above 40°C/104°F from March to June) – avoid if you dislike heat.
• Monsoon: Heavy rain (July to September) can disrupt outdoor activities.
• Winter: Best (October to February, 15°C to 25°C/59°F to 77°F) for pleasant weather.
• Festivals: Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha are vibrant times to visit.
• Time of Day: Mornings and evenings are cooler and quieter, ideal for a peaceful visit or prayer.

Religious Significance 

Religiously, the mosque serves as a place of worship where Muslims perform their daily prayers, known as Salah. It accommodates congregational prayers, particularly the Friday prayer (Jumu’ah), which holds special importance in Islam. During these prayers, the mosque becomes a hub for communal worship and spiritual reflection.

Beyond its role as a prayer space, the Spanish Mosque is a center for Islamic education and cultural activities. It offers classes on Quranic studies, Islamic history, and other religious subjects, contributing to the community’s spiritual growth and knowledge.

The mosque’s serene atmosphere and architectural elegance also symbolize the principles of peace, unity, and devotion in Islam. It stands as a testament to the faith and dedication of Muslims in Hyderabad, providing a place where individuals and families can come together to strengthen their connection with God and their community.

Cultural Heritage Of Spanish Mosque

As a recognized heritage building, the Spanish Mosque is at the center of preservation efforts. These efforts aim to maintain its architectural integrity and historical significance, ensuring that it remains a symbol of Hyderabad’s rich cultural heritage. Preservation of such sites helps in keeping the historical narrative alive for future generations, fostering an appreciation for the city’s diverse cultural past.

Unknown Facts About the Spanish Mosque 

• First of Its Kind in India: The Spanish Mosque is believed to be the first mosque in India to be built in the Moorish style. This architectural choice is unusual in the Indian context, where Islamic architecture typically features Persian and Mughal influences.
• Inspiration from a European Journey: The design of the mosque was inspired by Nawab Iqbal Ud Daula’s travels to Spain. He was captivated by the beauty of the Moorish architecture, particularly the Great Mosque of Córdoba, and decided to replicate that style in Hyderabad.
• The blend of Islamic and Christian Symbols: The mosque features architectural elements that are characteristic of Moorish architecture, which itself is a blend of Islamic and Christian symbols. This fusion is evident in the intricate designs and motifs used in the mosque’s decoration.
• Unconventional Minarets: Unlike typical minarets that are tall and slender, the minarets of the Spanish Mosque are more integrated into the overall structure and are shorter, reflecting the style seen in Spanish-Moorish architecture.
• Stucco Artistry: The mosque is renowned for its detailed stucco work, which includes intricate geometric patterns and floral designs. This level of stucco artistry is rare and showcases the high level of craftsmanship involved in its construction.
• Private Royal Chapel: Originally, the Spanish Mosque was intended to serve as a private chapel for the Paigah family. It later opened its doors to the public, but it still retains an aura of exclusivity and royal patronage.
• No Calligraphy: Unlike many other mosques that feature extensive Arabic calligraphy, the Spanish Mosque is relatively devoid of such inscriptions. Instead, its beauty lies in the architectural and ornamental designs.
• Connection to UNESCO World Heritage Sites: The mosque’s design is directly influenced by architectural styles found in UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Spain, such as the Alhambra in Granada and the Great Mosque of Córdoba, creating a unique link between these historical sites and Hyderabad.
• Hidden Gem: Despite its architectural significance, the Spanish Mosque remains relatively unknown to many tourists visiting Hyderabad, making it a hidden gem that offers a serene and less crowded experience.
• Symbol of Religious Harmony: The Spanish Mosque stands as a symbol of religious harmony, reflecting how Islamic architecture can be influenced by and incorporate elements from Christian-dominated regions, promoting a message of cultural and religious integration.

Nearby Attractions in the Spanish Mosque 

1. Dal Lake: One of the most famous attractions in Srinagar, known for its beautiful houseboats and Shikara rides. Dal Lake is approximately 3 kilometers away from the Spanish Mosque.

2. Shalimar Bagh: A stunning Mughal garden built by Emperor Jahangir, renowned for its terraced lawns, fountains, and flowerbeds. Shalimar Bagh is around 5 kilometers from the Spanish Mosque.

3. Nishat Bagh: Another splendid Mughal garden located near Dal Lake, featuring terraced lawns, water channels, and vibrant flowerbeds. Nishat Bagh is approximately 6 kilometers away.

4. Hazratbal Shrine: A revered Muslim shrine containing a relic believed to be a hair from the beard of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Hazratbal Shrine is about 8 kilometers from the Spanish Mosque.

5. Pari Mahal: A historic monument and terraced garden offering panoramic views of the city of Srinagar. Pari Mahal is 7 kilometers away.

6. Shankaracharya Temple: An ancient Hindu temple situated on a hilltop, providing breathtaking views of the entire city and Dal Lake. Shankaracharya Temple is  8 kilometers from the Spanish Mosque.

Visitor Guidelines and Pro Tips

• Respect the Moorish Architecture: While admiring the intricate designs & structures, avoid touching the stucco work & arches to help preserve the delicate details of the Moorish architecture.
• Quiet Reflection: The mosque is still an active place of worship. Visitors are encouraged to maintain a quiet & respectful demeanor, particularly during prayer times. Find a peaceful spot to sit & reflect on the unique blend of cultures represented in the mosque’s design.
• Explore Nearby Landmarks: Pair your visit with a trip to other nearby heritage sites that reflect Hyderabad’s diverse cultural history. This can provide a fuller context to the architectural and historical influences seen in the Spanish Mosque.
• Evening Visits: Plan to visit during the late afternoon or early evening when the light enhances the mosque’s intricate designs and creates a beautiful play of shadows. The mosque is particularly photogenic during these times.
• Language Assistance: If you don’t speak the local language, it might be useful to learn a few basic phrases or bring a translation app. This can help in communicating with the mosque’s caretakers & getting more in-depth information.
• Local Food: After your visit, try local Hyderabadi delicacies in nearby eateries. Enjoying local food can enhance your cultural experience and connect you more deeply with the city’s heritage.
• Religious Festivals: Check the local calendar for any religious festivals or special events taking place at the mosque. Visiting during these times can provide a unique experience and a glimpse into the local religious practices.

Other Activities To Do in Hyderabad

In addition to visiting the Spanish Mosque, there are many other activities to enjoy in Hyderabad. Explore the historic Charminar, a symbol of the city, & the nearby Laad Bazaar for traditional bangles & souvenirs. Don’t miss the grandeur of Chowmahalla Palace & the serene beauty of the Hussain Sagar Lake with its iconic Buddha statue. For a mix of history & architecture, visit the Golconda Fort & the opulent Falaknuma Palace. Families can have fun at Ramoji Film City, one of the world’s largest film studio complexes. When considering Places to visit in Hyderabad, ensure you also explore the Salar Jung Museum, which has one of the largest one-man collections of antiques. Finally, savor the city’s culinary delights, particularly the famous Hyderabadi Biryani, & indulge in shopping at the local markets, making your trip to Hyderabad truly memorable.

Other Popular Attractions in India 

India is a land of diverse attractions, offering something for every type of traveler. From the great Taj Mahal in Agra, a symbol of love & architectural brilliance, to the vibrant & busy streets of Mumbai with its iconic Gateway of India, there’s no shortage of sites to explore. In the south, the serene backwaters of Kerala provide a peaceful escape, while the ancient temples of Tamil Nadu showcase intricate Dravidian architecture. For those interested in history & spirituality, Varanasi on the banks of the Ganges offers a profound cultural experience. In the context of Tourism in India, the country’s northeastern states, with their picturesque landscapes & rich tribal cultures, provide an off-the-beaten-path adventure. Additionally, the golden sands of Rajasthan, adorned with grand palaces and forts, narrate tales of royal grandeur. India’s diverse attractions make it a captivating destination for travelers from around the world.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the Spanish Mosque?

A: The Spanish Mosque, also known as Masjid Iqbal Ud Daula or Jama Masjid Aiwan-e-Begumpet, is a mosque located in Begumpet, Hyderabad. It is known for its unique Moorish architectural style.

Q: When was the Spanish Mosque built?

A: The mosque was built between 1906 & 1908 by Nawab Iqbal Ud Daula of the Paigah family.

Q: What is unique about the architecture of the Spanish Mosque?

A: The mosque features Moorish architectural elements inspired by the Great Mosque of Córdoba in Spain. This includes horseshoe arches, intricate stucco work, & integrated minarets, making it distinct from typical Indian mosques.

Q: Is the Spanish Mosque still active for worship?

A: Yes, the Spanish Mosque is an active place of worship and hosts daily prayers as well as special religious events.

Q: Can visitors enter the Spanish Mosque?

A: Yes, visitors are welcome to enter the mosque. However, they are expected to dress modestly and respect the ongoing religious practices.

Q: Are there guided tours available at the Spanish Mosque?

A: Guided tours may be available, providing deeper insights into the mosque history & architectural significance. It is best to check in advance or inquire on-site.

Q: What are the visiting hours for the Spanish Mosque?

A: The visiting hours may vary, so it is advisable to check ahead or visit during the daytime when the mosque is generally open to the public.

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